Introduction
Swiss chard, also known as silverbeet or spinach beet, is a leafy green vegetable with colourful stems and a mild flavour. It is high in nutrition, making it a valuable addition to any diet. Swiss chard is relatively easy to grow and can be harvested over a long period.
Conditions of Growth
Swiss chard thrives in full sun but also tolerates partial shade, especially during the hot summer months. It prefers deep, loose, fertile soil that is well-draining and has a pH level between 6.0 and 7.0. The ideal temperature range for growth is 60°F to 70°F.
Plantation
Swiss chard can be grown from seeds or young plants bought from nurseries. Seeds should be planted 1/2 to 1 inch deep, while young plants should be transplanted so that they are 6 to 8 inches apart, with 18 inches between rows. Successive sowings can be made every two weeks for a continuous crop.
The best time to plant Swiss chard is 2 to 3 weeks before the last spring frost. In mild climates, it can also be grown throughout the winter.
Care
Swiss chard is a low-maintenance plant. Water the seedlings well after planting and ensure the soil remains moist but not waterlogged. Keep the area free of weeds and apply a general-purpose organic fertiliser once a month. Swiss chard does not usually require additional fertilising if the soil is rich in organic matter.
Protection in Winter
Swiss chard is a hardy plant that can withstand frost. If temperatures drop below 15°F, the plant may die. To protect Swiss chard over the winter, cover the plants with a thick fleece or use a cold frame. In containers, Swiss chard can be moved to a sheltered location.
Harvest and Storage
The outer leaves of Swiss chard can be harvested individually when they reach a length of about 6 to 8 inches. Leave the inner leaves to continue growing. The entire plant can also be cut about 1 inch above the ground; the chard will grow back. Harvested leaves can be stored in the refrigerator for up to 2 weeks or blanched and frozen for later use.
Conclusion
Swiss chard is a relatively straightforward vegetable to grow in a variety of climates. Its adaptability to different growing conditions and long harvesting period make it a valuable addition to any garden. Its ornamental value also makes it a good choice for including in flower borders.